{"id":135686,"date":"2025-03-31T14:42:50","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T06:42:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/135686\/"},"modified":"2025-03-31T14:42:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T06:42:52","slug":"ihmal-edilen-altin-nadir-toprak-parlatma-tozu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/135686\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130hmal edilen alt\u0131n: nadir toprak parlatma tozu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nadir toprak seryum bazl\u0131 parlatma tozu, \u015fu anda ana ak\u0131m nadir toprak parlatma tozudur. M\u00fckemmel parlatma performans\u0131na sahiptir ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin veya par\u00e7alar\u0131n y\u00fczey kalitesini iyile\u015ftirebilir. “Parlatma tozunun kral\u0131” olarak bilinir. Cam i\u015fleme end\u00fcstrisi ve elektronik end\u00fcstrisi, nadir toprak parlatma tozunun ana alt ak\u0131\u015f uygulama alanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Parlatmadan sonra bozulan nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131\u011f\u0131, her y\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %70’ini olu\u015fturur. At\u0131k bile\u015fenleri \u00e7o\u011funlukla nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131k kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, at\u0131k s\u0131v\u0131, parlatma i\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan gelen cam par\u00e7alar\u0131, parlatma bezinden gelen \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme derisi (organik polimer), ya\u011f ve di\u011fer safs\u0131zl\u0131klardan gelir ve nadir toprak bile\u015fenlerinin oran\u0131 %50’dir. Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z nadir toprak parlatma tozunun nas\u0131l bertaraf edilece\u011fi, alt ak\u0131\u015f uygulama \u015firketleri i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemler fiziksel ay\u0131rma ve kimyasal ay\u0131rmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fiziksel ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi<\/p>\n

(1) Flotasyon y\u00f6ntemi<\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda, flotasyon teknolojisi kat\u0131 at\u0131k ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. At\u0131k nadir toprak parlatma tozundaki bile\u015fenlerin hidrofilikli\u011findeki farkl\u0131l\u0131k nedeniyle, bile\u015fenlerin sulu \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki afinitesini iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 flotasyon maddeleri se\u00e7ilir, hidrofilik par\u00e7ac\u0131klar suda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r ve b\u00f6ylece ay\u0131rma amac\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak, parlatma tozu par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n boyutu flotasyon geri kazan\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131 etkiler ve geri kazan\u0131m safl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Flotasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 toplay\u0131c\u0131lar se\u00e7ilir ve safs\u0131zl\u0131k giderme etkisi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fir. Yang Zhiren ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, stirenfosfonik asidin pH’\u0131 5 oldu\u011funda, flotasyondan sonra seryum oksit ve lantan oksit geri kazan\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131n %95’e ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kalsiyum flor\u00fcr ve floroapatitin geri kazan\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131n ise en fazla %20 oldu\u011funu buldu. 5 mikrondan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n, zay\u0131f flotasyon etkisi nedeniyle safs\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in daha fazla ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

(2) Manyetik ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi<\/p>\n

At\u0131k nadir toprak parlatma tozu manyetizmaya sahiptir. Buna dayanarak, Mishima ve arkada\u015flar\u0131. Nadir toprak parlatma bulamac\u0131n\u0131 geri kazanmak i\u00e7in dikey manyetik alanl\u0131 bir cihaz tasarlad\u0131. At\u0131k toz bulamac\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 20 mm\/s, sirk\u00fclasyon s\u00fcresi 30 dakika, bulama\u00e7 konsantrasyonu %5 ve bulamac\u0131n pH’\u0131 3 oldu\u011funda, seryum dioksit ve demir flok\u00fclant\u0131n\u0131n ay\u0131rma verimlili\u011fi %80’e ula\u015fabilir. Manyetik alan y\u00f6n\u00fc yatay bir e\u011fime de\u011fi\u015ftirilirse ve ard\u0131ndan MnCl2 \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi eklenirse, z\u0131t manyetik \u00f6zelliklere sahip silisyum dioksit ve al\u00fcminyum oksit seryum dioksitten ayr\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

(3) Di\u011fer y\u00f6ntemler<\/p>\n

Takahashi ve di\u011ferleri, par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n -10\u00b0C’de \u00e7\u00f6kmesi kolay olmayan at\u0131k toz bulamac\u0131n\u0131 dondurdu ve ard\u0131ndan 25\u00b0C’lik bir ortamda \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc. Kirlilikler ve nadir toprak oksitleri, at\u0131ktaki yararl\u0131 maddelerin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bir tabaka olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

Kimyasal ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi<\/p>\n

Kimyasal y\u00f6ntem, esas olarak asit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesi ve alkali kavurma i\u015fleminden sonra geri kazan\u0131m s\u00fcrecini benimser ve safs\u0131zl\u0131k giderme, \u00e7\u0131karma ve \u00e7\u00f6keltme yoluyla nadir toprak parlatma tozu ham maddelerini elde etmek i\u00e7in yard\u0131mc\u0131 reaktif olarak bir indirgeyici madde kullan\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntem y\u00fcksek bir nadir toprak geri kazan\u0131m oran\u0131na sahiptir, ancak s\u00fcre\u00e7 uzundur ve maliyeti y\u00fcksektir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc asit veya g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc alkali b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda at\u0131k su \u00fcretir. (1) Alkali i\u015fleme<\/p>\n

Al\u00fcminyum oksit ve silisyum dioksit, nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131klar\u0131ndaki ana safs\u0131zl\u0131klard\u0131r. Nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131klar\u0131ndaki silisyum dioksit ve al\u00fcminyum oksit safs\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in 60\u00b0C’de 1 saat boyunca nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131\u011f\u0131yla reaksiyona sokmak i\u00e7in 4 mol\/L NaOH \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n

(2) Asit i\u015fleme<\/p>\n

Nadir toprak elementlerini parlatma tozu at\u0131klar\u0131ndan geri kazan\u0131rken, s\u0131zd\u0131rma i\u00e7in genellikle nitrik asit, s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit ve hidroklorik asit kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ana bile\u015feni olan seryum dioksit, s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asitte hafif\u00e7e \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

(3) \u0130ndirgeyici madde destekli asit li\u00e7i<\/p>\n

CeO2 do\u011frudan asitle li\u00e7i yap\u0131l\u0131rsa, etki ideal olmaz. Ce4+’\u0131 Ce3+’a indirgemek i\u00e7in bir indirgeyici madde eklenirse, nadir toprak li\u00e7i oran\u0131 iyile\u015ftirilebilir. Nadir toprak parlatma tozu at\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hidroklorik asit li\u00e7ine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in indirgeyici madde H2O2 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, deneysel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iyile\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nadir toprak seryum bazl\u0131 parlatma tozu, \u015fu anda ana ak\u0131m nadir toprak parlatma tozudur. M\u00fckemmel parlatma performans\u0131na sahiptir ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin veya par\u00e7alar\u0131n y\u00fczey kalitesini iyile\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":135652,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[851],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-135686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-endustri-haberleri-tr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135686","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135686"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135686\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135687,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135686\/revisions\/135687"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/135652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135686"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135686"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135686"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}