{"id":137096,"date":"2026-05-06T17:23:57","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T09:23:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/137096\/"},"modified":"2026-05-06T17:23:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T09:23:57","slug":"co-hoi-va-thach-thuc-cua-bot-tre-khi-duoc-su-dung-lam-chat-don-cho-nhua-phan-huy-sinh-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/137096\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t tre khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho nh\u1ef1a ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9t tre l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ed9t tre l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tre th\u00f4 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 nghi\u1ec1n, xay v\u00e0 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc; n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u1ed9n. Sau khi g\u1ed7 tre tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, kho\u1ea3ng 30% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t tre h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9n sinh kh\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1ed9t tre \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau\u2014bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2014mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eabn kinh t\u1ebf.
\nC\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t tre bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 cellulose, lignin v\u00e0 hemicellulose; ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m tro, protein, lipid v\u00e0 pectin. Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do Vi\u1ec7n L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Ph\u00fac Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tre Moso (Phyllostachys edulis) ba n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, cellulose chi\u1ebfm 37,3% th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t tre, trong khi lignin chi\u1ebfm 24,5%.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

B\u1ed9t tre \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?
\nL\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9n sinh kh\u1ed1i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, b\u1ed9t tre \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng\u2014bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2014nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00edt ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p. Do c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00fd h\u00f3a c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t tre ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t, b\u1ed9t tre \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: B\u1ed9t tre th\u00f4, B\u1ed9t tre m\u1ecbn, B\u1ed9t tre si\u00eau m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 B\u1ed9t tre c\u1ef1c si\u00eau m\u1ecbn.
\nB\u1ed9t tre th\u00f4 (K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p milimet): Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1t sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0o th\u00f4, b\u00e0o tinh v\u00e0 r\u00fat s\u1ee3i c\u00e1c thanh tre \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t tre n\u00e0y v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ee3i tre ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh; n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00fat \u1ea9m m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho c\u00e1t v\u1ec7 sinh cho m\u00e8o, th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a Bakelite.
\nB\u1ed9t tre m\u1ecbn (60 \u03bcm \u2265 D90 > 30 \u03bcm): Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed7 tre th\u00f4ng qua m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb con l\u0103n v\u00f2ng. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t tre n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i polyester ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc\u2014v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 \u00e9p phun, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u00e9p n\u00e9n\u2014ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 dao, d\u0129a, th\u00eca, c\u1ed1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, khay \u01b0\u01a1m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ch\u1eadu \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y. B\u1ed9t tre vi m\u00f4 (30 \u03bcm \u2265 D90 > 10 \u03bcm): \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bc\u00e1c ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn tre, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean h\u1ee3p bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n con l\u0103n v\u00f2ng (m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n ly kh\u00ed. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t tre tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3; c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00fai mua s\u1eafm, t\u00fai chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1t, t\u00fai \u0111\u1ef1ng r\u00e1c, t\u00fai ph\u1eb3ng, t\u00fai ki\u1ec3u \u00e1o (T-shirt bag) v\u00e0 t\u00fai \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc.
\nB\u1ed9t tre si\u00eau m\u1ecbn (D90 \u2264 10 \u03bcm): \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn tre th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean h\u1ee3p b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: nghi\u1ec1n con l\u0103n v\u00f2ng, ph\u00e2n ly kh\u00ed, nghi\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed (air-jet) v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ly kh\u00ed l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, b\u1ed9t tre th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9t tre l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?
\nSo v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c, tre mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u00fai. Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh sau:
\n1) Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang sau n\u00e9n th\u1ea5p [kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang sau n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t tre v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t 60, 30, 20 v\u00e0 10 \u03bcm l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 0,33; 0,26; 0,23 v\u00e0 0,17 g\/cm\u00b3], gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed logistics; 2) H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polysacarit cao v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tro th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi polyester, qua \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u00fai; 3) H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh b\u1ed9t cao, mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u1ebbo tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi; 4) \u0110\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m cao, cho ph\u00e9p h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111an xen \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n polyester; v\u00e0 5) Chi ph\u00ed gia c\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao hay c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c, tre mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u00fai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":137071,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-137096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137096","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=137096"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137096\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/137071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=137096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=137096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=137096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}