{"id":137442,"date":"2026-11-10T11:23:17","date_gmt":"2026-11-10T03:23:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/137442\/"},"modified":"2026-11-10T11:23:17","modified_gmt":"2026-11-10T03:23:17","slug":"dien-tich-be-mat-rieng-cua-canxi-hydroxit-co-tam-quan-trong-dac-biet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/137442\/","title":{"rendered":"Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a canxi hydroxit c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t."},"content":{"rendered":"

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Canxi hydroxit c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111a n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean 40 m\u00b2\u00b7g\u207b\u00b9, lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ed1p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i v\u00f4i kh\u00f4 hay \u01b0\u1edbt, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf canxi hydroxit c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 canxi hydroxit, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 canxi hydroxit v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng\u2014nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp, d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m, d\u1ea1ng kh\u1ed1i, d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1\u2014qua \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, canxi hydroxit \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh xi m\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0 in \u1ea5n d\u1ec7t may), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh t\u1eeb kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i (h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 SO\u2082 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh canxi sunfit, CaSO\u2083). Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn h\u00f3a c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed axit, gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, canxi hydroxit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t chua (pH < 5,5), t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0 kali. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong ph\u00e2n \u1ee7 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, canxi hydroxit \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ea3y trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u h\u00f3a cao su. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng, canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 canxi photphat.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh, canxi hydroxit c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nha khoa d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p tr\u00e1m \u1ed1ng t\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf vi khu\u1ea9n b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng t\u1ee7y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi CO\u2082 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh canxi cacbonat, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Ca(OH)\u2082 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano, Ca(OH)\u2082 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano (k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t <100 nm), gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cao nh\u01b0 x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Ca(OH)\u2082 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh xi m\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0 in v\u1ea3i), k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh trong kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i\u2014h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 SO\u2082 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh canxi sunfit (CaSO\u2083), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Ca(OH)\u2082. Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hydrat h\u00f3a (qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i) CaO.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o m\u1ea7m, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng (anisotropic growth) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 Ca(OH)\u2082.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m polyol\u2014v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c hydroxyl\u2014c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tinh th\u1ec3 Ca(OH)\u2082 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i tr\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ion Ca\u00b2\u207a v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft hydro. Nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a tan t\u1ed1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cao, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Ca(OH)\u2082 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y kh\u00f4 hay \u01b0\u1edbt, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf canxi hydroxit c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":137417,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-137442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=137442"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137442\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/137417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=137442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=137442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=137442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}